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Author S. Tiwari |
Available item(s) by this author (5)
Refine your search Apply to external sourcesAphid pest management in sweet pepper field with rapeseed as a companion crop / A. Shrestha in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University, Volume 5 (2022)
Title : Aphid pest management in sweet pepper field with rapeseed as a companion crop Material Type: printed text Authors: A. Shrestha, Author ; S. Tiwari, Author ; Regmi,R., Author ; B. Gautam, Author Publication Date: 2022 Article on page: 89-94 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: Aphid, sweet pepper, companion crop, ladybird beetles, syrphid flies Abstract: Sweet pepper, Capsicum annum L. is commercially grown vegetable grown for its nutritional and economical
value. Sucking pests like aphids, whiteflies, thrips, mites, etc. are the major insect pest in sweet pepper fields.
Farmers deliberately have been using chemical pesticides in their crop to manage various insect pest and such
practices of using hazardous chemicals are harmful to human health and the biodiversity. Similarly, farmers
don't have an idea of planting trap and/or companion plants and its role in natural control of pest. Hence, a
study was conducted to know the population dynamics, especially to assess the aphid (Myzus persicae, Sulzer)
population and its potential natural enemies by planting rapeseed as companion crop. This field experiment was
conducted in six different locations of Bharatpur-23, Chitwan from Nov 2019 to Jan 2020 where three plots of
sweet pepper were planted with rapeseed as companion crop and other three plots solely having no floral source
around. Aphid population was recorded at weekly interval and its major natural enemies; ladybird beetle and
syrphid fly. Abnormal data were squared root transformed and analyzed by using paired sample t-test. The result
showed that the aphid population in sweet pepper field with companion crop was significantly lower than in
sweet pepper grown without floral source (control). Highly significant number of ladybird beetles and syrphid
flies were recorded in sweet pepper with companion crop compared to control. The finding is helpful to develop
an integrated management protocol of sweet pepper pests with the practice of following conservation biological
control strategyLink for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/Aphid_pest_management_in_sweet_pepper_fie [...]
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 5 (2022) . - 89-94 p.[article] Aphid pest management in sweet pepper field with rapeseed as a companion crop [printed text] / A. Shrestha, Author ; S. Tiwari, Author ; Regmi,R., Author ; B. Gautam, Author . - 2022 . - 89-94 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 5 (2022) . - 89-94 p.
Keywords: Aphid, sweet pepper, companion crop, ladybird beetles, syrphid flies Abstract: Sweet pepper, Capsicum annum L. is commercially grown vegetable grown for its nutritional and economical
value. Sucking pests like aphids, whiteflies, thrips, mites, etc. are the major insect pest in sweet pepper fields.
Farmers deliberately have been using chemical pesticides in their crop to manage various insect pest and such
practices of using hazardous chemicals are harmful to human health and the biodiversity. Similarly, farmers
don't have an idea of planting trap and/or companion plants and its role in natural control of pest. Hence, a
study was conducted to know the population dynamics, especially to assess the aphid (Myzus persicae, Sulzer)
population and its potential natural enemies by planting rapeseed as companion crop. This field experiment was
conducted in six different locations of Bharatpur-23, Chitwan from Nov 2019 to Jan 2020 where three plots of
sweet pepper were planted with rapeseed as companion crop and other three plots solely having no floral source
around. Aphid population was recorded at weekly interval and its major natural enemies; ladybird beetle and
syrphid fly. Abnormal data were squared root transformed and analyzed by using paired sample t-test. The result
showed that the aphid population in sweet pepper field with companion crop was significantly lower than in
sweet pepper grown without floral source (control). Highly significant number of ladybird beetles and syrphid
flies were recorded in sweet pepper with companion crop compared to control. The finding is helpful to develop
an integrated management protocol of sweet pepper pests with the practice of following conservation biological
control strategyLink for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/Aphid_pest_management_in_sweet_pepper_fie [...]
Title : Biology and management of Chinese citrus fly, Bactrocera minax (Enderlein) (Diptera: Tephritidae) : | D. Adhikari, R. B. Thapa, S. L. Joshi, J. J. Du, and S. Tiwari Material Type: printed text Authors: D. Adhikari, Author ; R.B Thapa, Author ; S. L. Joshi, Author ; J. J. Du, Author ; S. Tiwari, Author Publication Date: 2022 Article on page: 1-13 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: Bactrocera minax, Citrus, Chinese citrus fly, life cycle, management Abstract: The Chinese citrus fly, Bactrocera minax (Enderlein) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is an important insect pest of citrus
species which causes significant fruit damage in Nepal, India, Bhutan and China. An attempt has been made
to review the biological aspects and management measures of this pest compiling published literatures in the
national and international journals, proceedings, reports, newsletter and books. This review highlights the
findings on the nomenclature, morphology, distribution, biology of the Chinese citrus fly and provides potential
prospect of pest management measures, which are useful to the researchers, policy - makers, citrus growers and
extension workers.Link for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/Biology_and_management_of_Chinese_citrus_ [...]
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 5 (2022) . - 1-13 p.[article] Biology and management of Chinese citrus fly, Bactrocera minax (Enderlein) (Diptera: Tephritidae) : | D. Adhikari, R. B. Thapa, S. L. Joshi, J. J. Du, and S. Tiwari [printed text] / D. Adhikari, Author ; R.B Thapa, Author ; S. L. Joshi, Author ; J. J. Du, Author ; S. Tiwari, Author . - 2022 . - 1-13 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 5 (2022) . - 1-13 p.
Keywords: Bactrocera minax, Citrus, Chinese citrus fly, life cycle, management Abstract: The Chinese citrus fly, Bactrocera minax (Enderlein) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is an important insect pest of citrus
species which causes significant fruit damage in Nepal, India, Bhutan and China. An attempt has been made
to review the biological aspects and management measures of this pest compiling published literatures in the
national and international journals, proceedings, reports, newsletter and books. This review highlights the
findings on the nomenclature, morphology, distribution, biology of the Chinese citrus fly and provides potential
prospect of pest management measures, which are useful to the researchers, policy - makers, citrus growers and
extension workers.Link for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/Biology_and_management_of_Chinese_citrus_ [...]
Title : Efficacy of biological and chemical insecticides against diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.) on Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. Var capitata) Material Type: printed text Authors: B. Sapkota, Author ; Regmi,R., Author ; S. Tiwari, Author ; R.B Thapa, Author Publication Date: 2022 Article on page: 95-101 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: Bio-pesticides, cabbage, P. xylostella, management, emamectin benzoate, neemix Abstract: Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) is the most devastating pest in late winter in cabbage (Brassica
oleracea var. capitata L.). Pesticides are the common pest management practices to manage the crucifer pests.
These practices are not sustainable and ecofriendly. Hence, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the
efficacy of chemical, botanicals and biological insecticides todevelop safer and more effective insecticides for
the diamondback moth, in cabbage during winter season 2018-19. The experiment was laid in a randomized
block design (RCBD) with four replication and five treatments viz. i) Emamectin benzoate 5SG @ 0.4 gm/l, ii)
Neemix (Azadirachtin 300 ppm) @ 2 ml/l, iii) Metarhizium anisopliae @ 2 ml/l, iv) Beauveri abassiana @ 2 ml/l
and v) control (untreated). Standard recommended agronomic practices were followed in field to ensure better
crop growth. The maximum reduction of P. xylostella larval population over untreated control was recorded
in Emamectin benzoate 5 SG (95%) andNeemix(95%) sprayed field. Bio-pesticides such asM. anisopliae and
B. bassiana were effective only after the first spray with maximum efficacy of (76%) and (65%), respectively,
and decreased efficacy in the second and third sprays. Both yields with the least number of damaged leaves and
maximum net profit was recorded in Emamectin benzoate sprayed plots with a higher benefit-cost ratio of (3.47),
which was followed by M. anisopliae(2.96) and Neemix (2.92) treatments, respectively. Emamectin benzoate 5
SG and Neemix are effective and safe insecticides in controlling diamondback moth in cabbage crops and are
viable options for integrated management of P. xylostella.Link for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/Efficacy_of_biological_and_chemical_insec [...]
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 5 (2022) . - 95-101 p.[article] Efficacy of biological and chemical insecticides against diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.) on Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. Var capitata) [printed text] / B. Sapkota, Author ; Regmi,R., Author ; S. Tiwari, Author ; R.B Thapa, Author . - 2022 . - 95-101 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 5 (2022) . - 95-101 p.
Keywords: Bio-pesticides, cabbage, P. xylostella, management, emamectin benzoate, neemix Abstract: Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) is the most devastating pest in late winter in cabbage (Brassica
oleracea var. capitata L.). Pesticides are the common pest management practices to manage the crucifer pests.
These practices are not sustainable and ecofriendly. Hence, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the
efficacy of chemical, botanicals and biological insecticides todevelop safer and more effective insecticides for
the diamondback moth, in cabbage during winter season 2018-19. The experiment was laid in a randomized
block design (RCBD) with four replication and five treatments viz. i) Emamectin benzoate 5SG @ 0.4 gm/l, ii)
Neemix (Azadirachtin 300 ppm) @ 2 ml/l, iii) Metarhizium anisopliae @ 2 ml/l, iv) Beauveri abassiana @ 2 ml/l
and v) control (untreated). Standard recommended agronomic practices were followed in field to ensure better
crop growth. The maximum reduction of P. xylostella larval population over untreated control was recorded
in Emamectin benzoate 5 SG (95%) andNeemix(95%) sprayed field. Bio-pesticides such asM. anisopliae and
B. bassiana were effective only after the first spray with maximum efficacy of (76%) and (65%), respectively,
and decreased efficacy in the second and third sprays. Both yields with the least number of damaged leaves and
maximum net profit was recorded in Emamectin benzoate sprayed plots with a higher benefit-cost ratio of (3.47),
which was followed by M. anisopliae(2.96) and Neemix (2.92) treatments, respectively. Emamectin benzoate 5
SG and Neemix are effective and safe insecticides in controlling diamondback moth in cabbage crops and are
viable options for integrated management of P. xylostella.Link for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/Efficacy_of_biological_and_chemical_insec [...]
Title : Host plant preference by the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) on the range of potential host plant species Material Type: printed text Authors: S. Tiwari, Author Publication Date: 2022 Article on page: 25-33 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: Fall armyworm, agroecology, habitat management, trap crops, push -pull strategy Abstract: Maize is the most important cereal crop after rice and wheat in Asia. Nowadays, maize production is threatened
by one invasive pest, the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) particularly in Africa and Asia, and threatens
millions of poor people. Fall armyworm feeds a wide range of crops and non-crops including weeds, with over
353 plant species. But most frequently consumed crops are field corn, sweet corn, wheat, sorghum, sugarcane,
Bermuda grass etc. Fall armyworm has six larval stages, the first three stages are less voracious compared to the
latter stages. Larvae are very numerous and disperse in large numbers and behave like ‘armyworm’. Insecticides
are considered an important tool of FAW management as well as other lepidopteran maize pests. However, these
practices are not sustainable and are linked to the environment, biodiversity and farmers' health. Alternative
management strategies should be developed by understanding pest biology and ecology. Hence, a series of
laboratory choice and paired-choice tests were conducted at Agriculture and Forestry University in May 2021 to
evaluate the host plant preference by the fall armyworm. Potential host plants were Zea mays (maize cultivars
- Rampur composite, Arun-2 and Rampur hybrid-10), Pennisetum purpureus (Napier), Oryza sativa (rice),
Sorghum bicolor (Sorghum), Fagopyrum esculentum (Buckwheat), Vigna unguiculata (Cowpea) and Glycine max
(Soybean). In choice tests, FAW preference was ranked as Rampur Composite > Sorghum > Rampur hybrid-10
> Arun-2 > Napier > Rice > Buckwheat > Cowpea > Soybean. Rampur composite and sorghum were the most
preferred host plants, Rampur hybrid, Arun-2 and Napier were the medium preferred, rice was categorized as the
low preferred and other host plants such as buckwheat, cowpea and soybean were the least preferred host plant of
fall armyworm. In paired-choice tests, Rampur composite was more preferred than sorghum, but not significantly
so. These research findings are useful to utilize in habitat manipulation strategies for fall armyworm management.
Most preferred plant species can be deployed as trap crops and least preferred host plants can be used as repellent
or push crops in a push-pull strategy. Such host plants in-and-around the main field can reduce the fall armyworm
damage and reduce pesticide amount in main crops.Link for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/Host_plant_preference_by_the_fall_armywor [...]
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 5 (2022) . - 25-33 p.[article] Host plant preference by the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) on the range of potential host plant species [printed text] / S. Tiwari, Author . - 2022 . - 25-33 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 5 (2022) . - 25-33 p.
Keywords: Fall armyworm, agroecology, habitat management, trap crops, push -pull strategy Abstract: Maize is the most important cereal crop after rice and wheat in Asia. Nowadays, maize production is threatened
by one invasive pest, the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) particularly in Africa and Asia, and threatens
millions of poor people. Fall armyworm feeds a wide range of crops and non-crops including weeds, with over
353 plant species. But most frequently consumed crops are field corn, sweet corn, wheat, sorghum, sugarcane,
Bermuda grass etc. Fall armyworm has six larval stages, the first three stages are less voracious compared to the
latter stages. Larvae are very numerous and disperse in large numbers and behave like ‘armyworm’. Insecticides
are considered an important tool of FAW management as well as other lepidopteran maize pests. However, these
practices are not sustainable and are linked to the environment, biodiversity and farmers' health. Alternative
management strategies should be developed by understanding pest biology and ecology. Hence, a series of
laboratory choice and paired-choice tests were conducted at Agriculture and Forestry University in May 2021 to
evaluate the host plant preference by the fall armyworm. Potential host plants were Zea mays (maize cultivars
- Rampur composite, Arun-2 and Rampur hybrid-10), Pennisetum purpureus (Napier), Oryza sativa (rice),
Sorghum bicolor (Sorghum), Fagopyrum esculentum (Buckwheat), Vigna unguiculata (Cowpea) and Glycine max
(Soybean). In choice tests, FAW preference was ranked as Rampur Composite > Sorghum > Rampur hybrid-10
> Arun-2 > Napier > Rice > Buckwheat > Cowpea > Soybean. Rampur composite and sorghum were the most
preferred host plants, Rampur hybrid, Arun-2 and Napier were the medium preferred, rice was categorized as the
low preferred and other host plants such as buckwheat, cowpea and soybean were the least preferred host plant of
fall armyworm. In paired-choice tests, Rampur composite was more preferred than sorghum, but not significantly
so. These research findings are useful to utilize in habitat manipulation strategies for fall armyworm management.
Most preferred plant species can be deployed as trap crops and least preferred host plants can be used as repellent
or push crops in a push-pull strategy. Such host plants in-and-around the main field can reduce the fall armyworm
damage and reduce pesticide amount in main crops.Link for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/Host_plant_preference_by_the_fall_armywor [...]
Title : Integrated management protocol for New Zealand endemic wheat bug (Nysius huttoni) in forage brassicas | S. Tiwari, N. Dickinson, and S. D. Wratten Material Type: printed text Authors: S. Tiwari, Author ; N. Dickinson, Author ; D. Wratten, Author Publication Date: 2020 Article on page: 145-151 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: Economic pest, pesticide resistance, trap cropping, Lobularia maritima, Abstract: Wheat bug, Nysius huttoni, is considered as an economic pest of forage Brassicas and many other cultivated crops, such as
wheat, kale, and vegetables in New Zealand. Insecticides- as seed coatings and sprays are frequently used to manage this pest,
but a high proportion of these insecticidal compounds enter the soil and leads to pesticide resistance, and they may impact
beneficial arthropods and soil microorganisms, creating an adverse effect on ecosystem services (ES). In this paper, we discuss
a technology, that we have developed to trap , for example, wheat bug away from kale seedlings, and integrating these in
less suceptible kale cultivars that can potentially reduce over-reliance on orthodox pesticides on brassicas. Laboratory studies
were conducted to screen the suitable trap crop among nine other plants (alyssum, wheat, phacelia, buckwheat, coriander,
white clover, alfalfa, and kale) mainly by considering growth stages (vegetative and flowering), and select less susceptible
kale cultivars among six other (Kestrel, Gruner, Sovereign, Regal, Corka and Colear). Alyssum (Lobularia maritima) and
wheat (Triticum aestivum) were the most favoured potential trap plants for the wheat bug in a laboraotry study. Flowering
stage of alyssum is the most susceptible growth stage by the bug damage. Kestrel and Coleor are the most popular kale
cultivars used as forage brassicas in New Zealand, but they are the most susceptible to the wheat bug. Corka and Regal were
the least susceptible cultivars. The integration of trap cropping technology by using alyssum as the trap crop, preferably
depolying flowering stage, along with sowing less susceptible kale cultivars such as Corka and Regal in main fields have
been suggested to protect brassica seedlings from bug damage.Link for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/Integrated%20management%20protocol%20for% [...]
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 4 (2020) . - 145-151 p.[article] Integrated management protocol for New Zealand endemic wheat bug (Nysius huttoni) in forage brassicas | S. Tiwari, N. Dickinson, and S. D. Wratten [printed text] / S. Tiwari, Author ; N. Dickinson, Author ; D. Wratten, Author . - 2020 . - 145-151 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 4 (2020) . - 145-151 p.
Keywords: Economic pest, pesticide resistance, trap cropping, Lobularia maritima, Abstract: Wheat bug, Nysius huttoni, is considered as an economic pest of forage Brassicas and many other cultivated crops, such as
wheat, kale, and vegetables in New Zealand. Insecticides- as seed coatings and sprays are frequently used to manage this pest,
but a high proportion of these insecticidal compounds enter the soil and leads to pesticide resistance, and they may impact
beneficial arthropods and soil microorganisms, creating an adverse effect on ecosystem services (ES). In this paper, we discuss
a technology, that we have developed to trap , for example, wheat bug away from kale seedlings, and integrating these in
less suceptible kale cultivars that can potentially reduce over-reliance on orthodox pesticides on brassicas. Laboratory studies
were conducted to screen the suitable trap crop among nine other plants (alyssum, wheat, phacelia, buckwheat, coriander,
white clover, alfalfa, and kale) mainly by considering growth stages (vegetative and flowering), and select less susceptible
kale cultivars among six other (Kestrel, Gruner, Sovereign, Regal, Corka and Colear). Alyssum (Lobularia maritima) and
wheat (Triticum aestivum) were the most favoured potential trap plants for the wheat bug in a laboraotry study. Flowering
stage of alyssum is the most susceptible growth stage by the bug damage. Kestrel and Coleor are the most popular kale
cultivars used as forage brassicas in New Zealand, but they are the most susceptible to the wheat bug. Corka and Regal were
the least susceptible cultivars. The integration of trap cropping technology by using alyssum as the trap crop, preferably
depolying flowering stage, along with sowing less susceptible kale cultivars such as Corka and Regal in main fields have
been suggested to protect brassica seedlings from bug damage.Link for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/Integrated%20management%20protocol%20for% [...]
