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Author S. Dhakal |
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Refine your search Apply to external sourcesEffects of spacing and weed management practices in winter maize in Rampur, Chitwan / P. Gurung in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University, Volume 3 (2019)
Title : Effects of spacing and weed management practices in winter maize in Rampur, Chitwan Material Type: printed text Authors: P. Gurung, Author ; S. Dhakal, Author ; S. Marahatta, Author ; J. B. Adhikari, Author Publication Date: 2020 Article on page: 77-84 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: Mulch, weed dynamics, weed control efficiency, weed index Abstract: Maize is sensitive to weed infestation; losses in crop yield vary from 28-100%. Manual weeding is the most dominant
method in Nepal, however, a majority of the farmers still does not adopt any specific method of weed control. An experiment
was conducted to evaluate the influence of plant spacing and weed management practices on weed dynamics and yield of
maize, during the winter season of 2016/17 at National Maize Research Program (NMRP), Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. The
experiment was done using split plot design with three replication; main plot factor was plant density (66666 and 83333
plants/ha),and sub-plot factors was weed management practices viz. weedy check, weed-free, two hand weeding at 30 and
60 DAS, rice straw mulch, black plastic mulch, Atrazine @ 0.75 kg a.i./ha + Pendimethalin @ 0.5 kg a.i./ha, Atrazine @
0.75 kg a.i./ha + Pendimethalin @ 0.5 kg a.i./ha followed by hand weeding at 30 DAS, and Atrazine @ 0.75 kg a.i. /ha +
Pendimethalin @ 0.5 kg a.i./ha followed by 2,4-D @1.5 L a.i./ha at 35 DAS. The plant density did not show significant effect
on weed density, weed dry weight, Weed Control Efficiency, Weed Index, and grain yield. Use of black plastic mulch was the
most effective to reduce weed density and dry weight. The higher Weed Control Efficiency (97.7, 96.4, 95.9 and 89.6% at 30,
60, 90 DAS and at harvest), and lower Weed Index (-2.9%) were also found with the use of black plastic mulch. As compared
to weed-free condition, weed caused grain yield loss up to 61.5% in the weedy condition. Accordingly, highest grain yield
was achieved with the use of black plastic mulch (5.1 t ha-1) followed by weed-free (5.0 t ha-1) condition and with the use of
rice straw as mulch (4.7 t ha-1). This information could be useful in developing weed management packages in maize.Link for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/9._Effects_of_spacing_and_weed_management [...]
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 3 (2019) . - 77-84 p.[article] Effects of spacing and weed management practices in winter maize in Rampur, Chitwan [printed text] / P. Gurung, Author ; S. Dhakal, Author ; S. Marahatta, Author ; J. B. Adhikari, Author . - 2020 . - 77-84 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 3 (2019) . - 77-84 p.
Keywords: Mulch, weed dynamics, weed control efficiency, weed index Abstract: Maize is sensitive to weed infestation; losses in crop yield vary from 28-100%. Manual weeding is the most dominant
method in Nepal, however, a majority of the farmers still does not adopt any specific method of weed control. An experiment
was conducted to evaluate the influence of plant spacing and weed management practices on weed dynamics and yield of
maize, during the winter season of 2016/17 at National Maize Research Program (NMRP), Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. The
experiment was done using split plot design with three replication; main plot factor was plant density (66666 and 83333
plants/ha),and sub-plot factors was weed management practices viz. weedy check, weed-free, two hand weeding at 30 and
60 DAS, rice straw mulch, black plastic mulch, Atrazine @ 0.75 kg a.i./ha + Pendimethalin @ 0.5 kg a.i./ha, Atrazine @
0.75 kg a.i./ha + Pendimethalin @ 0.5 kg a.i./ha followed by hand weeding at 30 DAS, and Atrazine @ 0.75 kg a.i. /ha +
Pendimethalin @ 0.5 kg a.i./ha followed by 2,4-D @1.5 L a.i./ha at 35 DAS. The plant density did not show significant effect
on weed density, weed dry weight, Weed Control Efficiency, Weed Index, and grain yield. Use of black plastic mulch was the
most effective to reduce weed density and dry weight. The higher Weed Control Efficiency (97.7, 96.4, 95.9 and 89.6% at 30,
60, 90 DAS and at harvest), and lower Weed Index (-2.9%) were also found with the use of black plastic mulch. As compared
to weed-free condition, weed caused grain yield loss up to 61.5% in the weedy condition. Accordingly, highest grain yield
was achieved with the use of black plastic mulch (5.1 t ha-1) followed by weed-free (5.0 t ha-1) condition and with the use of
rice straw as mulch (4.7 t ha-1). This information could be useful in developing weed management packages in maize.Link for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/9._Effects_of_spacing_and_weed_management [...]
Title : Farmer’s perception on vulnerability of cropping pattern and adaptive mechanism in Panchthar and Chitwan, Nepal Material Type: printed text Authors: D. Devkota, Author ; S. Dhakal, Author ; S. K. Khatri, Author ; N. R. Devkota, Author Publication Date: 2020 Article on page: 11-23 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: Adaptation, temperature, precipitation, perception, climatic variability Abstract: A study was done in Chitwan and Panchthar districts of Nepal during 2017 and 2018 with the objective to learn vulnerability
of major cropping pattern, mainly with weather variability and farmers’ current practices to adapt them so that information
would be useful in formulating appropriate strategies. A total of 240 respondents were identified, and face to face structured
questionnaire was used to collect the primary information. Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and Key Informants’ Interview
(KII) were also done in order to triangulate the major findings obtained from survey. Majority of the respondents in both the
districts had a strong perception that precipitation related unpredictable consequences to the cropping pattern was more visible
in the recent past years along with the fluctuation of temperature that impacted on overall low production. Respondents from
both the districts also reported drastic rise in summer temperature for the last few years with the declining rainfall pattern,
resulting lower ground water table. The FGD and KII findings are consistent with the trend of rise in summer temperature as
revealed from the Hydro-meteorology data. In the monsoon, the pattern of rainfall has changed over time. In general, weather
variability related vulnerability and its impact to the cropping system has been seriously felt by the respondents, but they are
cautious about possible adaptive measures, and are adjusting in the agronomical practices such as, sowing dates, and to some
extent introduction of new crop species and varieties. However, there was a significant difference on majority of perception
related parameters as opined by the respondents in Chitwan and Panchthar (p variations in responses while formulating site specific strategies instead of generalizing them. In-depth and comprehensive
study covering larger niches would provide concrete information to develop appropriate strategies and policies to the weather
variability in order to safeguard cropping pattern, and to increase productivity under the possible vulnerable context.Link for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/2._Farmer%E2%80%99s_perception_on_vulnera [...]
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 3 (2019) . - 11-23 p.[article] Farmer’s perception on vulnerability of cropping pattern and adaptive mechanism in Panchthar and Chitwan, Nepal [printed text] / D. Devkota, Author ; S. Dhakal, Author ; S. K. Khatri, Author ; N. R. Devkota, Author . - 2020 . - 11-23 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 3 (2019) . - 11-23 p.
Keywords: Adaptation, temperature, precipitation, perception, climatic variability Abstract: A study was done in Chitwan and Panchthar districts of Nepal during 2017 and 2018 with the objective to learn vulnerability
of major cropping pattern, mainly with weather variability and farmers’ current practices to adapt them so that information
would be useful in formulating appropriate strategies. A total of 240 respondents were identified, and face to face structured
questionnaire was used to collect the primary information. Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and Key Informants’ Interview
(KII) were also done in order to triangulate the major findings obtained from survey. Majority of the respondents in both the
districts had a strong perception that precipitation related unpredictable consequences to the cropping pattern was more visible
in the recent past years along with the fluctuation of temperature that impacted on overall low production. Respondents from
both the districts also reported drastic rise in summer temperature for the last few years with the declining rainfall pattern,
resulting lower ground water table. The FGD and KII findings are consistent with the trend of rise in summer temperature as
revealed from the Hydro-meteorology data. In the monsoon, the pattern of rainfall has changed over time. In general, weather
variability related vulnerability and its impact to the cropping system has been seriously felt by the respondents, but they are
cautious about possible adaptive measures, and are adjusting in the agronomical practices such as, sowing dates, and to some
extent introduction of new crop species and varieties. However, there was a significant difference on majority of perception
related parameters as opined by the respondents in Chitwan and Panchthar (p variations in responses while formulating site specific strategies instead of generalizing them. In-depth and comprehensive
study covering larger niches would provide concrete information to develop appropriate strategies and policies to the weather
variability in order to safeguard cropping pattern, and to increase productivity under the possible vulnerable context.Link for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/2._Farmer%E2%80%99s_perception_on_vulnera [...]
Title : Maize cultivation: present status, major constraints and farmer's perception at Madichaur, Rolpa Material Type: printed text Authors: S. Dhakal, Author ; Sanjit Kumar Saha, Author ; L. P. Amgain, Author ; K. H. Dhakal, Author Publication Date: 2022 Article on page: 125-131 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: Survey, productivity, rainfed maize Abstract: Maize (Zea mays) has been one of the most popularly grown crops in the mid hills of Nepal. With a view of
assessing the present agronomic management and constraints of maize cultivation, a field survey was carried
out in the summer of 2020 at Madichaur, Rolpa, Nepal. Simple random sampling procedure was used to collect
data from 100 respondents using a semi structured interview schedule. Information regarding the productivity
and adoption of improved technologies by maize growing farmers were also collected. The data were processed
and analyzed using MS-Excel and SPSS. Results revealed maize-based cropping system as the major cropping
system (65%) with rainy season maize being the dominant one (76%). Varietal selection was primarily based
on the local prevalence whereas own preserved seeds were used by majority of the respondents. Local plough
was the major tool for land preparation whereas majority of the respondent used FYM as nutrient source and
followed sowing behind the plough. Gap filling, thinning, weeding, earthing up was quite common among the
respondents, however their intensity varied. External cob storage was the common method of storage. Biotic
stress was identified as the major bottleneck for increasing maize productivity followed by lack of irrigation and
technical know how.Link for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/Maize_cultivation_present_status_major_co [...]
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 5 (2022) . - 125-131 p.[article] Maize cultivation: present status, major constraints and farmer's perception at Madichaur, Rolpa [printed text] / S. Dhakal, Author ; Sanjit Kumar Saha, Author ; L. P. Amgain, Author ; K. H. Dhakal, Author . - 2022 . - 125-131 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 5 (2022) . - 125-131 p.
Keywords: Survey, productivity, rainfed maize Abstract: Maize (Zea mays) has been one of the most popularly grown crops in the mid hills of Nepal. With a view of
assessing the present agronomic management and constraints of maize cultivation, a field survey was carried
out in the summer of 2020 at Madichaur, Rolpa, Nepal. Simple random sampling procedure was used to collect
data from 100 respondents using a semi structured interview schedule. Information regarding the productivity
and adoption of improved technologies by maize growing farmers were also collected. The data were processed
and analyzed using MS-Excel and SPSS. Results revealed maize-based cropping system as the major cropping
system (65%) with rainy season maize being the dominant one (76%). Varietal selection was primarily based
on the local prevalence whereas own preserved seeds were used by majority of the respondents. Local plough
was the major tool for land preparation whereas majority of the respondent used FYM as nutrient source and
followed sowing behind the plough. Gap filling, thinning, weeding, earthing up was quite common among the
respondents, however their intensity varied. External cob storage was the common method of storage. Biotic
stress was identified as the major bottleneck for increasing maize productivity followed by lack of irrigation and
technical know how.Link for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/Maize_cultivation_present_status_major_co [...]
Title : Weed dynamics and productivity of dry direct seeded rice in relation to tillage and weed management practices Material Type: printed text Authors: D. Marasini, Author ; Sanjit Kumar Saha, Author ; S. Marahatta, Author ; S. Dhakal, Author Publication Date: 2020 Article on page: 101-108 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: DDSR, tank mixture, weed dynamics, yield Abstract: Weed is one of the major constraints for success of dry direct seeded rice (DDSR) technology. The productivity, weed
density and weed dry weight of DDSR is influenced by weed management practices. A field experiment was done to evaluate
tillage methods and weed management practices on weed dynamics and yield of DDSR using split plot design; each treatment
replicated thrice. The treatment consisted of two tillage methods in the main plots, and eight weed management practices
in the sub-plots. Gorakhnath-509 was the variety of rice used.Weed flora observed in the experiment comprised of 25 weed
species, belonging to 12 families. Among them 12 were broadleaf weed, belonging to 10 families; 8 were grasses, belonging
to Poaceae family, and the rest 5 were sedges, belonging to Cyperaceae family. Tillage methods did not influence weed
density and weed dry weight in DDSR, but weed management practices reduced weed density and dry weight at all dates of
observation compared to weedy check. All the weed management practices significantly improved the grain yield of DDSR
in both tillage methods. Treatments with higher grain yield of DDSR were, use of pendimethalin followed by hand weeding
(3,742 kg ha-1); pendimethalin followed by bispyribac-Na (3,552 kg ha-1), and pendimethalin followed by tank mixture
application of bispyribac-Na and ethoxysulfuron(3,638 kg ha-1), but were statistically similar (p>0.05). Results thus supports
the fact that application of popular pre-emergence herbicide- pendimethalin followed by manual weeding, or post-emergence
herbicide, such as Bispyribac-Na, or tank mixture of post emergence herbicides bispyribac-Na and Ethoxysulfuron could be
the most effective weed management practices in both tillage method of rice cultivation.Link for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/Weed%20dynamics%20and%20productivity%20of [...]
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 4 (2020) . - 101-108 p.[article] Weed dynamics and productivity of dry direct seeded rice in relation to tillage and weed management practices [printed text] / D. Marasini, Author ; Sanjit Kumar Saha, Author ; S. Marahatta, Author ; S. Dhakal, Author . - 2020 . - 101-108 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 4 (2020) . - 101-108 p.
Keywords: DDSR, tank mixture, weed dynamics, yield Abstract: Weed is one of the major constraints for success of dry direct seeded rice (DDSR) technology. The productivity, weed
density and weed dry weight of DDSR is influenced by weed management practices. A field experiment was done to evaluate
tillage methods and weed management practices on weed dynamics and yield of DDSR using split plot design; each treatment
replicated thrice. The treatment consisted of two tillage methods in the main plots, and eight weed management practices
in the sub-plots. Gorakhnath-509 was the variety of rice used.Weed flora observed in the experiment comprised of 25 weed
species, belonging to 12 families. Among them 12 were broadleaf weed, belonging to 10 families; 8 were grasses, belonging
to Poaceae family, and the rest 5 were sedges, belonging to Cyperaceae family. Tillage methods did not influence weed
density and weed dry weight in DDSR, but weed management practices reduced weed density and dry weight at all dates of
observation compared to weedy check. All the weed management practices significantly improved the grain yield of DDSR
in both tillage methods. Treatments with higher grain yield of DDSR were, use of pendimethalin followed by hand weeding
(3,742 kg ha-1); pendimethalin followed by bispyribac-Na (3,552 kg ha-1), and pendimethalin followed by tank mixture
application of bispyribac-Na and ethoxysulfuron(3,638 kg ha-1), but were statistically similar (p>0.05). Results thus supports
the fact that application of popular pre-emergence herbicide- pendimethalin followed by manual weeding, or post-emergence
herbicide, such as Bispyribac-Na, or tank mixture of post emergence herbicides bispyribac-Na and Ethoxysulfuron could be
the most effective weed management practices in both tillage method of rice cultivation.Link for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/Weed%20dynamics%20and%20productivity%20of [...]
