Author details
Author R. Bashyal |
Available item(s) by this author (2)
Refine your search Apply to external sourcesA study on activation of polyethylene glycol and its characterization by infrared spectroscopy and thin layer chromatography / R. Bashyal in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University, Volume 5 (2022)
Title : A study on activation of polyethylene glycol and its characterization by infrared spectroscopy and thin layer chromatography Material Type: printed text Authors: R. Bashyal, Author Publication Date: 2022 Article on page: 271-275 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: Polyethylene glycol, TLC, Rota evaporator, Nitrophenyl chloroformate, IR spectroscopy Abstract: Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) is the most popular polymeric material used for alteration and control of biodistribution.
PEG may increase the lifetime of “drug carrier” assembly which helps in administering lower concentration of
the “drug carrier” composite. It has been used widely for the modification of carriers used in therapeutics because
PEG offers a shielding characters that avoids rapid renal clearance from the body. This study was carried out
at Dolphin Institute of Biomedical and Natural Sciences, Dehradun and Indian Institute of Technology (IIT),
Roorkee, India during May-July 2005. Activation of PEG of different molecular weight (400 Da, 4000 Da,
8000 Da and 20,000 Da) was done using dry benzene, Triethylamine, Ethylene dichloride and 4-nitrophenyl
chloroformate. Reaction mixture was monitored on TLC using EDC: Methanol (7:3). Then reaction mixture was
portioned between EDC & water. The lower fraction in separating funnel of EDC was collected & concentrated
on rota evaporator to get activated PEG. From the above reaction and structure it was clear that 4-Nitrophenyl
Chloroformate contains two highly electronegative groups i.e. NO2
and Cl. These two groups interact with each
other resulting in neutralization of polarity. It then acts as non-polar molecule and shows high affinity for mobile
phase (methanol & EDC). Therefore, 4-Nitrophenylchloroformate,
has the highest mobility and PEG has lowest
mobility. From IR Spectroscopy it was found that the peak of Hydroxyl group- (OH) of PEG was at 3400-
3450cm-1.The peak of C-Cl bond was found at 746 cm-1. But after the reaction between PEG and 4-NitropLink for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/A_study_on_activation_of_polyethylene_gly [...]
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 5 (2022) . - 271-275 p.[article] A study on activation of polyethylene glycol and its characterization by infrared spectroscopy and thin layer chromatography [printed text] / R. Bashyal, Author . - 2022 . - 271-275 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 5 (2022) . - 271-275 p.
Keywords: Polyethylene glycol, TLC, Rota evaporator, Nitrophenyl chloroformate, IR spectroscopy Abstract: Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) is the most popular polymeric material used for alteration and control of biodistribution.
PEG may increase the lifetime of “drug carrier” assembly which helps in administering lower concentration of
the “drug carrier” composite. It has been used widely for the modification of carriers used in therapeutics because
PEG offers a shielding characters that avoids rapid renal clearance from the body. This study was carried out
at Dolphin Institute of Biomedical and Natural Sciences, Dehradun and Indian Institute of Technology (IIT),
Roorkee, India during May-July 2005. Activation of PEG of different molecular weight (400 Da, 4000 Da,
8000 Da and 20,000 Da) was done using dry benzene, Triethylamine, Ethylene dichloride and 4-nitrophenyl
chloroformate. Reaction mixture was monitored on TLC using EDC: Methanol (7:3). Then reaction mixture was
portioned between EDC & water. The lower fraction in separating funnel of EDC was collected & concentrated
on rota evaporator to get activated PEG. From the above reaction and structure it was clear that 4-Nitrophenyl
Chloroformate contains two highly electronegative groups i.e. NO2
and Cl. These two groups interact with each
other resulting in neutralization of polarity. It then acts as non-polar molecule and shows high affinity for mobile
phase (methanol & EDC). Therefore, 4-Nitrophenylchloroformate,
has the highest mobility and PEG has lowest
mobility. From IR Spectroscopy it was found that the peak of Hydroxyl group- (OH) of PEG was at 3400-
3450cm-1.The peak of C-Cl bond was found at 746 cm-1. But after the reaction between PEG and 4-NitropLink for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/A_study_on_activation_of_polyethylene_gly [...]
Title : Synthesis of nanoparticles of Poly (ethyleneimine) and their characterization by transmission electron microscopy, thin layer chromatography, and infrared spectroscopy | R. Bashyal Material Type: printed text Authors: R. Bashyal, Author Publication Date: 2022 Article on page: 293-298 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: : Polyethyleneimine, PEGylation, IR, TEM Abstract: Intracellular gene delivery alters the expression of a gene and corrects a defective gene that may be the cause of a
disease or a disorder. Nonviral gene delivery is more appropriate than viral-mediated due to their low cytotoxicity
and immunogenicity. Amongst these, polycationic nanoparticles i.e. Polyethyleneimine (PEI) were used most
successfully. The PEGylation of such cationic polymer reduces its cytotoxicity. Different molecular weight poly
(ethylene glycol) was used for the PEGylation of such cationic nanoparticles which have an individual effect.
For this purpose, the PEG is esterified, which was then reacted with a cationic polymer. Four different molecular
weights of PEG were used. The size of nanoparticles so formed depends upon the molecular weight of PEG. So
formed nanoparticles were dialyzed, lyophilized, and then characterized by IR and TEM. The nanoparticles so
formed are directly affected by the different molecular weights of PEG. Higher the molecular weights of PEG
smaller size of nanoparticles so formed but only up to a limited extent. The decreasing order of nanoparticles
as an increment of molecular weight of PEG was found as a -0.85 coefficient of correlation. The smaller-sized
nanoparticles have higher transfection efficiency than larger-sized nanoparticles. So, the higher the molecular
weight of PEG higher will be the transfection efficiencyLink for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/Synthesis_of_nanoparticles_of_Poly_ethyle [...]
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 5 (2022) . - 293-298 p.[article] Synthesis of nanoparticles of Poly (ethyleneimine) and their characterization by transmission electron microscopy, thin layer chromatography, and infrared spectroscopy | R. Bashyal [printed text] / R. Bashyal, Author . - 2022 . - 293-298 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 5 (2022) . - 293-298 p.
Keywords: : Polyethyleneimine, PEGylation, IR, TEM Abstract: Intracellular gene delivery alters the expression of a gene and corrects a defective gene that may be the cause of a
disease or a disorder. Nonviral gene delivery is more appropriate than viral-mediated due to their low cytotoxicity
and immunogenicity. Amongst these, polycationic nanoparticles i.e. Polyethyleneimine (PEI) were used most
successfully. The PEGylation of such cationic polymer reduces its cytotoxicity. Different molecular weight poly
(ethylene glycol) was used for the PEGylation of such cationic nanoparticles which have an individual effect.
For this purpose, the PEG is esterified, which was then reacted with a cationic polymer. Four different molecular
weights of PEG were used. The size of nanoparticles so formed depends upon the molecular weight of PEG. So
formed nanoparticles were dialyzed, lyophilized, and then characterized by IR and TEM. The nanoparticles so
formed are directly affected by the different molecular weights of PEG. Higher the molecular weights of PEG
smaller size of nanoparticles so formed but only up to a limited extent. The decreasing order of nanoparticles
as an increment of molecular weight of PEG was found as a -0.85 coefficient of correlation. The smaller-sized
nanoparticles have higher transfection efficiency than larger-sized nanoparticles. So, the higher the molecular
weight of PEG higher will be the transfection efficiencyLink for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/Synthesis_of_nanoparticles_of_Poly_ethyle [...]
