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Author H. K. Manandhar |
Available item(s) by this author (5)
Refine your search Apply to external sourcesEffect of planting dates of maize on the incidence of borer complex in Chitwan, Nepal / G. Bhandari in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University, Volume 2 (2018)
Title : Effect of planting dates of maize on the incidence of borer complex in Chitwan, Nepal Material Type: printed text Authors: G. Bhandari, Author ; R.B Thapa, Author ; Y. P. Giri, Author ; H. K. Manandhar, Author Publication Date: 2018 Article on page: 107-118 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: Maize, planting date, borer complex, temperature, season Abstract: Borer complex (Chilo partellus Swinhoe and Sesamia inferans Walker) are the major pests of maize
in Nepal. Infestation of maize borer complex as well as climatic variability of growing areas are the
major causes for low production and productivity of maize as compared to neighboring countries.
Therefore, an experiment was conducted to find out the effect of planting time on open pollinated and
hybrid maize variety for the incidence of borer complex during winter, spring, and summer seasons at
the experimental field of National Maize Research Program, Chitwan. The experiment was conducted
using Randomized Complete Block design with a factorial combination of treatments, each replicated
for three times, for two maize genotypes, at every 10 days interval. The results showed that borer
incidence varied with maize planting dates and genotypes. The highest plant damage by stem borers
was up to 29.9% in genotype S03TLEY-FM (open pollinated variety) and 29.0% in RML 95/RML 96
(hybrid variety) at May planting, respectively. The crop planted from January to February reached into
knee height stage when the temperature ranged 25-28°C during February to March which was more
favorable for the growth and development of borers. September planting was the best time for hybrids,
and September as well as March planting was best time for open pollinated variety with respect to low
borer incidence in Chitwan condition.Link for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/Effect_of_planting_dates_of_maize-on-the_ [...]
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 2 (2018) . - 107-118 p.[article] Effect of planting dates of maize on the incidence of borer complex in Chitwan, Nepal [printed text] / G. Bhandari, Author ; R.B Thapa, Author ; Y. P. Giri, Author ; H. K. Manandhar, Author . - 2018 . - 107-118 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 2 (2018) . - 107-118 p.
Keywords: Maize, planting date, borer complex, temperature, season Abstract: Borer complex (Chilo partellus Swinhoe and Sesamia inferans Walker) are the major pests of maize
in Nepal. Infestation of maize borer complex as well as climatic variability of growing areas are the
major causes for low production and productivity of maize as compared to neighboring countries.
Therefore, an experiment was conducted to find out the effect of planting time on open pollinated and
hybrid maize variety for the incidence of borer complex during winter, spring, and summer seasons at
the experimental field of National Maize Research Program, Chitwan. The experiment was conducted
using Randomized Complete Block design with a factorial combination of treatments, each replicated
for three times, for two maize genotypes, at every 10 days interval. The results showed that borer
incidence varied with maize planting dates and genotypes. The highest plant damage by stem borers
was up to 29.9% in genotype S03TLEY-FM (open pollinated variety) and 29.0% in RML 95/RML 96
(hybrid variety) at May planting, respectively. The crop planted from January to February reached into
knee height stage when the temperature ranged 25-28°C during February to March which was more
favorable for the growth and development of borers. September planting was the best time for hybrids,
and September as well as March planting was best time for open pollinated variety with respect to low
borer incidence in Chitwan condition.Link for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/Effect_of_planting_dates_of_maize-on-the_ [...]
Title : Effect of Trichoderma isolates on Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc Material Type: printed text Authors: Pramila Adhikari, Author ; S. M. Shrestha, Author ; H. K. Manandhar, Author ; S. Marahatta, Author Publication Date: 2022 Article on page: 299-310 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: Parasitization, Sclerotium rolfsii, sclerotia, Trichoderma Abstract: Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. is one of the most important plant pathogens commonly causing root rot, stem rot, wilt and
foot rot in various crop species. A wide range of host, profuse mycelial growth, and ability to produce persistent
sclerotia makes them difficult to control. Biological control using Trichoderma could provide a sustainable tool
for the management of diseases caused by S. rolfsii. One hundred four Trichoderma isolates were evaluated
against S. rolfsii in vitro by dual culture. Of them, 30 Trichoderma isolates found effective were selected to study
parasitization of sclerotia of S. rolfsii in vitro. Similarly, four Trichoderma isolates found effective in vitro were
used to study their ability to parasitize sclerotia of the pathogen in soil. Trichoderma isolates varied significantly
(p Trichoderma isolate T73, Forest soil had highest inhibition (96.96%), while Trichoderma isolate T49, Bhaktapur
showed the highest bio-control index (99) against S. rolfsii. Trichoderma isolates T49, Bhaktapur and T87, Forest
soil showed promising results in controlling S. rolfsii in vitro. Both isolates were also able to parasitize and reduce
the germination of sclerotia in the soil. The present study demonstrated that selected Trichoderma had potential
in controlling Sclerotium rolfsii.Link for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/Effect_of_Trichoderma_isolates_on_Sclerot [...]
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 5 (2022) . - 299-310 p.[article] Effect of Trichoderma isolates on Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc [printed text] / Pramila Adhikari, Author ; S. M. Shrestha, Author ; H. K. Manandhar, Author ; S. Marahatta, Author . - 2022 . - 299-310 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 5 (2022) . - 299-310 p.
Keywords: Parasitization, Sclerotium rolfsii, sclerotia, Trichoderma Abstract: Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. is one of the most important plant pathogens commonly causing root rot, stem rot, wilt and
foot rot in various crop species. A wide range of host, profuse mycelial growth, and ability to produce persistent
sclerotia makes them difficult to control. Biological control using Trichoderma could provide a sustainable tool
for the management of diseases caused by S. rolfsii. One hundred four Trichoderma isolates were evaluated
against S. rolfsii in vitro by dual culture. Of them, 30 Trichoderma isolates found effective were selected to study
parasitization of sclerotia of S. rolfsii in vitro. Similarly, four Trichoderma isolates found effective in vitro were
used to study their ability to parasitize sclerotia of the pathogen in soil. Trichoderma isolates varied significantly
(p Trichoderma isolate T73, Forest soil had highest inhibition (96.96%), while Trichoderma isolate T49, Bhaktapur
showed the highest bio-control index (99) against S. rolfsii. Trichoderma isolates T49, Bhaktapur and T87, Forest
soil showed promising results in controlling S. rolfsii in vitro. Both isolates were also able to parasitize and reduce
the germination of sclerotia in the soil. The present study demonstrated that selected Trichoderma had potential
in controlling Sclerotium rolfsii.Link for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/Effect_of_Trichoderma_isolates_on_Sclerot [...]
Title : Farmers’ perception on climate change and maize cultivation in relation to insect diversity across the altitudinal gradient of Nepal Material Type: printed text Authors: G. S. Bhandari, Author ; R.B Thapa, Author ; Y. P. Giri, Author ; H. K. Manandhar, Author ; P.K. Jha, Author Publication Date: 2020 Article on page: 85-97 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: Temperature, pest emergence, stem borers, management, adaptation strategies Abstract: Household survey was done with randomly selected 148 respondents from three districts, representing the altitudinal
variation focusing to maize growing areas in inner terai (Chitwan), mid (Kaski), and high (Mustang) hills of Nepal to
explore the farmers’ perception on climatic variabilities and maize production relating to the insect diversity. Data were
collected through purposive random sample survey of households using a stratified-multi stage cluster sampling method.
Findings revealed that majority of farmers were aware of climate change, particularly about the climatic variability and
its impact on maize production, but they posses poor knowledge about appropriate adaptation strategies. The findings also
showed that most of the respondent farmers (68.9%) experienced increased temperature whereas about one-third (35.5%)
also experienced about erratic rainfall pattern. About three-fifth of the respondent farmers felt about the emergence of insect
pests in the last decade, and they relate this fact as the effect of climate change, resulting decreased maize production over the
years. Analysis of the recorded temperature revealed an increment of 0.02-0.07°C/ temperature/year with the increment of
precipitation of 24.6 mm/year between 1980 and 2018, and these facts matches well to the perception of respondent farmers.
Findings also identified the major problems related to the maize production as pest severity, lack of labour, unavailability
of improved seed, poor extension service, and frequently occurrence of drought. Likewise, pest attack was also revealed as
an important cause of decreased maize production. About two-fifth (44%) respondent farmers considered stem borer as the
most prevalent pest in all ecological domains, causing significant damage to maize. Majority of the farmers followed only
cultural practices to manage pests whereas their poor knowledge on insect and disease management was the major challenge
to increase maize productivity that needs serious consideration for a better policy formulation and planningLink for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/jafu
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 3 (2019) . - 85-97 p.[article] Farmers’ perception on climate change and maize cultivation in relation to insect diversity across the altitudinal gradient of Nepal [printed text] / G. S. Bhandari, Author ; R.B Thapa, Author ; Y. P. Giri, Author ; H. K. Manandhar, Author ; P.K. Jha, Author . - 2020 . - 85-97 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 3 (2019) . - 85-97 p.
Keywords: Temperature, pest emergence, stem borers, management, adaptation strategies Abstract: Household survey was done with randomly selected 148 respondents from three districts, representing the altitudinal
variation focusing to maize growing areas in inner terai (Chitwan), mid (Kaski), and high (Mustang) hills of Nepal to
explore the farmers’ perception on climatic variabilities and maize production relating to the insect diversity. Data were
collected through purposive random sample survey of households using a stratified-multi stage cluster sampling method.
Findings revealed that majority of farmers were aware of climate change, particularly about the climatic variability and
its impact on maize production, but they posses poor knowledge about appropriate adaptation strategies. The findings also
showed that most of the respondent farmers (68.9%) experienced increased temperature whereas about one-third (35.5%)
also experienced about erratic rainfall pattern. About three-fifth of the respondent farmers felt about the emergence of insect
pests in the last decade, and they relate this fact as the effect of climate change, resulting decreased maize production over the
years. Analysis of the recorded temperature revealed an increment of 0.02-0.07°C/ temperature/year with the increment of
precipitation of 24.6 mm/year between 1980 and 2018, and these facts matches well to the perception of respondent farmers.
Findings also identified the major problems related to the maize production as pest severity, lack of labour, unavailability
of improved seed, poor extension service, and frequently occurrence of drought. Likewise, pest attack was also revealed as
an important cause of decreased maize production. About two-fifth (44%) respondent farmers considered stem borer as the
most prevalent pest in all ecological domains, causing significant damage to maize. Majority of the farmers followed only
cultural practices to manage pests whereas their poor knowledge on insect and disease management was the major challenge
to increase maize productivity that needs serious consideration for a better policy formulation and planningLink for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/jafu
Title : Field response of wheat genotypes to spot blotch under different sowing dates at Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal Material Type: printed text Authors: Saraswati Nepali, Author ; S. M. Shrestha, Author ; H. K. Manandhar, Author ; R. K. Yadav, Author Publication Date: 2020 Article on page: 83-90 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: Spot blotch, AUDPC, resistance, sowing conditions, Nepal Abstract: Wheat spot blotch, caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoemaker has emerged as an important fungal disease for its
economic losses in Nepalese wheat production system due state of poor resistance to spot blotch exacerbated by terminal
heat stress in popular released wheat varieties. Thus it has engendered a dire need for identification of new robust and
improved varieties with spot blotch resistance, suited to different sowing conditions. A field experiment was conducted at
premises of Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur to elucidate the field response of twenty wheat genotypes under
different sowing conditions (early- 25th November, normal- 10th December, and late- 25th December) to spot blotch by
using Split plot design, each treatment with three replicates, during 2017-2018. The analysis of variance revealed highly
significant interaction (p due to significantly higher disease severity under late-sown wheat cropping was observed due to warmer conditions later in
the season. Genotypes viz., NL 1207 (168.5 and 416.77) and BL 4341 (185.97 and 428.8) outrivaled other test genotypes
with substantially lower mean area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) values based on flag leaf and penultimate leaf
infection, and higher yield (3.23 and 3.02 t/ha), respectively, and thus could be effectively utilized as robust progenitor in
spot blotch resistance breeding programs. Our findings revealed that the simultaneous adoption of early sowing and resistant
wheat genotypes could be a promising and economic avenue to reduce the disease pressure leading reduced yield penalties.Link for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/Field%20response%20of%20wheat%20genotypes [...]
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 4 (2020) . - 83-90 p.[article] Field response of wheat genotypes to spot blotch under different sowing dates at Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal [printed text] / Saraswati Nepali, Author ; S. M. Shrestha, Author ; H. K. Manandhar, Author ; R. K. Yadav, Author . - 2020 . - 83-90 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 4 (2020) . - 83-90 p.
Keywords: Spot blotch, AUDPC, resistance, sowing conditions, Nepal Abstract: Wheat spot blotch, caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoemaker has emerged as an important fungal disease for its
economic losses in Nepalese wheat production system due state of poor resistance to spot blotch exacerbated by terminal
heat stress in popular released wheat varieties. Thus it has engendered a dire need for identification of new robust and
improved varieties with spot blotch resistance, suited to different sowing conditions. A field experiment was conducted at
premises of Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur to elucidate the field response of twenty wheat genotypes under
different sowing conditions (early- 25th November, normal- 10th December, and late- 25th December) to spot blotch by
using Split plot design, each treatment with three replicates, during 2017-2018. The analysis of variance revealed highly
significant interaction (p due to significantly higher disease severity under late-sown wheat cropping was observed due to warmer conditions later in
the season. Genotypes viz., NL 1207 (168.5 and 416.77) and BL 4341 (185.97 and 428.8) outrivaled other test genotypes
with substantially lower mean area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) values based on flag leaf and penultimate leaf
infection, and higher yield (3.23 and 3.02 t/ha), respectively, and thus could be effectively utilized as robust progenitor in
spot blotch resistance breeding programs. Our findings revealed that the simultaneous adoption of early sowing and resistant
wheat genotypes could be a promising and economic avenue to reduce the disease pressure leading reduced yield penalties.Link for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/Field%20response%20of%20wheat%20genotypes [...]
Title : In-vitro evaluation of commercially available fungicides against Bipolaris sorokiniana, the cause of spot blotch of barley Material Type: printed text Authors: B. Angdembe, Author ; N. Dhakal, Author ; S. G.C., Author ; K. R. Pant, Author ; H. K. Manandhar, Author Publication Date: 2020 Article on page: 105-111 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: Food poisoned technique, fungicide, spot blotch, Abstract: A laboratory experiment was done to evaluate the effectiveness of commercially available fungicides against spot blotch
pathogen of barley, Bipolaris sorokiniana, at Nepal Polytechnic Institute (NPI), Chitwan, Nepal by employing food
poisoned technique. Fungicides such as Uthane-M45 (mancozeb 75% WP), Blutoxx (copper oxychloride 50% WP), Bavistin
(carbendazim 50% WP), and Thiram (thiram 75% WS) with three concentrations (100 ppm, 200 ppm and 400 ppm) were
included in the experiment. Experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with four replications for each
treatment. The mycelial growth of B. sorokiniana was recorded at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 days after inoculation. All the fungicides
significantly reduced the mycelial growth of the pathogen as compared to control (without any fungicide) in poisoned culture.
Copper oxychloride at 400 ppm inhibited 83% growth of mycelium of the fungus after 10 days. All the concentrations of
copper oxychloride and 400 ppm of mancozeb were able to inhibit more than 50% of mycelial growth of the fungus. The
results revealed that inhibition percentages were increased with the increase in the concentrations of all fungicides used in
this study. The present results thus suggest that the current recommended doses of copper oxychloride and mancozeb for
foliar application purposes may not be sufficient to manage the disease under field conditions and also for seed treatment.
The recommended doses may need to be re-evaluated.Link for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/12.In-vitro_evaluation_of_commercially_av [...]
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 3 (2019) . - 105-111 p.[article] In-vitro evaluation of commercially available fungicides against Bipolaris sorokiniana, the cause of spot blotch of barley [printed text] / B. Angdembe, Author ; N. Dhakal, Author ; S. G.C., Author ; K. R. Pant, Author ; H. K. Manandhar, Author . - 2020 . - 105-111 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 3 (2019) . - 105-111 p.
Keywords: Food poisoned technique, fungicide, spot blotch, Abstract: A laboratory experiment was done to evaluate the effectiveness of commercially available fungicides against spot blotch
pathogen of barley, Bipolaris sorokiniana, at Nepal Polytechnic Institute (NPI), Chitwan, Nepal by employing food
poisoned technique. Fungicides such as Uthane-M45 (mancozeb 75% WP), Blutoxx (copper oxychloride 50% WP), Bavistin
(carbendazim 50% WP), and Thiram (thiram 75% WS) with three concentrations (100 ppm, 200 ppm and 400 ppm) were
included in the experiment. Experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with four replications for each
treatment. The mycelial growth of B. sorokiniana was recorded at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 days after inoculation. All the fungicides
significantly reduced the mycelial growth of the pathogen as compared to control (without any fungicide) in poisoned culture.
Copper oxychloride at 400 ppm inhibited 83% growth of mycelium of the fungus after 10 days. All the concentrations of
copper oxychloride and 400 ppm of mancozeb were able to inhibit more than 50% of mycelial growth of the fungus. The
results revealed that inhibition percentages were increased with the increase in the concentrations of all fungicides used in
this study. The present results thus suggest that the current recommended doses of copper oxychloride and mancozeb for
foliar application purposes may not be sufficient to manage the disease under field conditions and also for seed treatment.
The recommended doses may need to be re-evaluated.Link for e-copy: https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/12.In-vitro_evaluation_of_commercially_av [...]
