[article]
| Title : |
Simulation of growth and yield of rice and wheat varieties under varied agronomic management and changing climatic scenario under subtropical condition of Nepal |
| Material Type: |
printed text |
| Authors: |
S. Marahatta, Author ; R. Acharya, Author ; P. P. Joshi, Author |
| Publication Date: |
2018 |
| Article on page: |
141-156 p. |
| Languages : |
English (eng) |
| Keywords: |
CSM-CERES, conservation agriculture, sensitivity analysis, simulation |
| Abstract: |
The national average yield of cereal- rice and wheat are less than its potential yield, for which poor
agronomic management and changing climatic conditions have been reported as the critical factors.
Cropping System Model (CSM)-Crop Estimation through Resource and Environment Synthesis
(CERES), embedded under Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) ver.
4.6 was used to valuate datasets of two different field experiments, conducted during winter season
of 2014/15 and rainy season of 2015, respectively, for wheat and rice. In the case of wheat, three
wheat genotypes (Tillotama, Danfe and Vijay) were sown at different sowing dates (14th November,
29th November, and 14th December), while two rice genotypes (Gorakhnath 509 and Sabitri) were
planted at four nitrogen levels (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg N ha-1) under conservation and conventional
agriculture. Both experiments were conducted using a Strip-split plot design with three replications,
and conservation agriculture (CA) treatments of both crops accommodated in the same area. The
ancillary and yield data obtained from field experiment was analyzed by using R Studio software. The
yield of both rice and wheat was higher in conservation agriculture (4766; 3042 kg ha-1) as compared
to conventional agriculture (4106; 3022 kg ha-1). Application of 120 kg N ha-1 on rice resulted in
significantly higher yield (4769 kg ha-1) than lower nitrogen levels whereas timely planted wheat
produced significantly higher yield (3427 kg ha-1) as compared to delay planting. Sabitri (4433 kg
ha-1) was comparable to hybrid Gorakhnath 509 (4438 kg ha-1) in terms of grain yield while Vijay
(3459 kg ha-1) was superior to other tested genotypes of wheat. Model calibration was done by using
best treatment of the experiment based on grain yield while validation was accomplished by using
the remaining treatments for predicting growth and yield. On the sensitivity analysis, of the three
varieties used, only Vijay showed increasing yield by 10.09% up to December 4 sowing, identified
as the best variety for the late sown condition. The sensitivity for various climate change scenarios as
advocated by IPCC (2007) for 2020, 2050 and 2080 from the baseline of 214-15 indicated that there
was severely decreased trend in simulated yield of varieties in different establishment method with an
increase in maximum and minimum temperature, carbon dioxide concentration, and solar radiation.
The simulation result showed that rise in maximum and minimum temperature by 40
C resulted in yield
reduction; drop in the temperature and thereby in the yield increase. Increase in CO2
concentration
(+20 ppm) showed the positive effect on yield when temperatures were dropped, but yield reduction
in the case of increased temperature even if the CO2 concentration was increased. Both hybrid and
improved varieties of rice were responsible to 120 kg N ha-1. CA for rice could equally produce to
conventional one in temperature increased scenario, but more outstanding- in decreased temperature.
Wheat variety Vijay can be grown in CA with higher yield and can also be sown up to 1st week of
December with very less yield decline in the context with changing climatic variability. |
| Link for e-copy: |
https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/Simulation_of_growth_and_yield_of_rice_an [...] |
in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 2 (2018) . - 141-156 p.
[article] Simulation of growth and yield of rice and wheat varieties under varied agronomic management and changing climatic scenario under subtropical condition of Nepal [printed text] / S. Marahatta, Author ; R. Acharya, Author ; P. P. Joshi, Author . - 2018 . - 141-156 p. Languages : English ( eng) in Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University > Volume 2 (2018) . - 141-156 p.
| Keywords: |
CSM-CERES, conservation agriculture, sensitivity analysis, simulation |
| Abstract: |
The national average yield of cereal- rice and wheat are less than its potential yield, for which poor
agronomic management and changing climatic conditions have been reported as the critical factors.
Cropping System Model (CSM)-Crop Estimation through Resource and Environment Synthesis
(CERES), embedded under Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) ver.
4.6 was used to valuate datasets of two different field experiments, conducted during winter season
of 2014/15 and rainy season of 2015, respectively, for wheat and rice. In the case of wheat, three
wheat genotypes (Tillotama, Danfe and Vijay) were sown at different sowing dates (14th November,
29th November, and 14th December), while two rice genotypes (Gorakhnath 509 and Sabitri) were
planted at four nitrogen levels (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg N ha-1) under conservation and conventional
agriculture. Both experiments were conducted using a Strip-split plot design with three replications,
and conservation agriculture (CA) treatments of both crops accommodated in the same area. The
ancillary and yield data obtained from field experiment was analyzed by using R Studio software. The
yield of both rice and wheat was higher in conservation agriculture (4766; 3042 kg ha-1) as compared
to conventional agriculture (4106; 3022 kg ha-1). Application of 120 kg N ha-1 on rice resulted in
significantly higher yield (4769 kg ha-1) than lower nitrogen levels whereas timely planted wheat
produced significantly higher yield (3427 kg ha-1) as compared to delay planting. Sabitri (4433 kg
ha-1) was comparable to hybrid Gorakhnath 509 (4438 kg ha-1) in terms of grain yield while Vijay
(3459 kg ha-1) was superior to other tested genotypes of wheat. Model calibration was done by using
best treatment of the experiment based on grain yield while validation was accomplished by using
the remaining treatments for predicting growth and yield. On the sensitivity analysis, of the three
varieties used, only Vijay showed increasing yield by 10.09% up to December 4 sowing, identified
as the best variety for the late sown condition. The sensitivity for various climate change scenarios as
advocated by IPCC (2007) for 2020, 2050 and 2080 from the baseline of 214-15 indicated that there
was severely decreased trend in simulated yield of varieties in different establishment method with an
increase in maximum and minimum temperature, carbon dioxide concentration, and solar radiation.
The simulation result showed that rise in maximum and minimum temperature by 40
C resulted in yield
reduction; drop in the temperature and thereby in the yield increase. Increase in CO2
concentration
(+20 ppm) showed the positive effect on yield when temperatures were dropped, but yield reduction
in the case of increased temperature even if the CO2 concentration was increased. Both hybrid and
improved varieties of rice were responsible to 120 kg N ha-1. CA for rice could equally produce to
conventional one in temperature increased scenario, but more outstanding- in decreased temperature.
Wheat variety Vijay can be grown in CA with higher yield and can also be sown up to 1st week of
December with very less yield decline in the context with changing climatic variability. |
| Link for e-copy: |
https://afu.edu.np/sites/default/files/Simulation_of_growth_and_yield_of_rice_an [...] |
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